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TypeStript 入门 - 08:自定义类型

Diff:实现

tsx
let person1 = {
	name: 'pt',
	age: 11,
	address: 'sz'
}

let person2 = {
	address: 'sz',
}

//! 1.Diff:实现
type Diff<T extends Object, K extends Object> = Omit<T, keyof K>
//! 其实就是将persion1中把persion2中的类型忽略,得到剩余的类型
type DiffPerson = Diff<typeof person1, typeof person2>
/*
type DiffPerson = {
	name: string;
	age: number;
}
 */

InterSection: 交集

tsx
let person1 = {
	name: 'pt',
	age: 11,
	address: 'sz'
}

let person2 = {
	address: 'sz',
}

//! 2.InterSection: 交集
//! pick 选取 然后extract T和K 都存在的,就是交集的部分
type InterSection<T extends Object, K extends Object> = Pick<T, Extract<keyof T, keyof K>>
type InterSectionPerson = InterSection<typeof person1, typeof person2>
/* 
type InterSectionPerson = {
  address: string;
}
 */

Overwrite: 属性覆盖

tsx
//注意:OldProps 与 NewProps age 类型分别为number 和string,类型是不同的
	type OldProps = { name: string, age: number, visible: boolean };
	type NewProps = { age: string, other: string };

	type InterSection<T extends Object, K extends Object> = Pick<T, Extract<keyof T, keyof K>>
	//1. 获取交集部分,也就是age,让NewProps 覆盖 OldProps 属性类型,age 变成string 类型
	type InterSectionProps = InterSection<NewProps, OldProps>;

	type Diff<T extends Object, K extends Object> = Omit<T, keyof K>
	//2. 获取不同部分,也就是age,visible
	type DiffProps = Diff<OldProps, NewProps>;//Diff 是从OldProps 类型中忽略掉NewProps 剩余的类型部分

	//3. 组合DiffProps与InterSectionProps,然后pick 提取所有属性就是最终的结果
	type ComposeProps = DiffProps & InterSectionProps;
	//! 最终ReplaceProps1 与 ReplaceProps2 类型一致
	type ReplaceProps1 = Pick<ComposeProps, keyof ComposeProps>;

	type Overwrite<T extends Object, K extends Object, I = Diff<T, K> & InterSection<K, T>> = Pick<I, keyof I>
	//! 3.Overwrite: 属性覆盖
	type ReplaceProps2 = Overwrite<OldProps, NewProps>
	/* 
	type ReplaceProps2 = {
    name: string;
    age: string;
    visible: boolean;
	}
	*/

Merge对象合并

tsx
//注意:OldProps 与 NewProps age 类型分别为number 和string,类型是不同的
type OldProps = { name: string, age: number, visible: boolean };
type NewProps = { age: string, other: string };

type Compose<A extends any> = { [K in keyof A]: A[K] };

//! 说明:OldProps 中忽略掉NewProps 的部分,然后再&组合NewProps 部分,得到的就是合并后的结果
type Merge<T, K> = Compose<Omit<T, keyof K> & K>;
//! 4.Merge: 属性合并
type MergeObj = Merge<OldProps, NewProps>
/* 
type MergeObj = {
	name: string;
	visible: boolean;
	age: string;
	other: string;
}
*/

Released under the MIT License.